fig7

Figure 7. Summary of sEVs from different cell sources and functions of bioprinted sEVs as "cell-free" regenerative medicine approaches. MSC-sEVs: MSC-derived small EVs; HUVEC-sEVs: Human umbilical vein endothelial cell-derived small EVs; M0-BMP2-sEVs: inactivated macrophage (M0) derived sEVs loaded with BMP2 protein; M2-sEVs: Macrophage stage 2 small EV (pro-regenerative); THP1-sEVs-dsDNA-SA-FasL: human monocyte cell line THP1 derived sEVs tettered with dsDNA and modified with streptavidin (SA) and Fas Ligand (FasL); BC-M0-sEVs: bioceramic-induced macrophage-derived sEVs.