fig2

Figure 2. The putative tubular ER neurodegenerative mechanism. This figure illustrates the complex interplay of the main mechanisms involved in axonal tubular ER pathology in neurodegenerative disorders. Arrows show the regulation of the specified process. The dashed arrows indicate the consequences of interrupting the corresponding process; ER: Endoplasmic reticulum; RTN3: Reticulons3; Rab10: ras-related GTP-binding protein 10; p600: Protein 600; VAPB: Vesicle-associated membrane-protein-associated protein B; Nogo-A: Neuronal surface glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked receptor-A; SPAST: Spastin; ATL: Atlastin; REEP1: Receptor accessory proteins1; IP3R: Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate; ARL6IP1: ADP ribosylation factor-like 6 interacting protein; AD: Alzheimer's disease; PD: Parkinson’s disease; ALS: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; HSPs: Hereditary spastic paraplegias; HD: Huntington’s disease.