fig2

Figure 2. Excision of skin to expose the SMAS and platysma aponeurosis, in a 60-year-old woman. The 2 zones of minimal undermining are shown at the cranial pre-trichial region of the sideburn and the caudal extent of the platysma aponeurosis where the platysma is exposed (black arrows). The sequence begins with descent of the "U" suture (blue), before returning cranially two tangential platysmal bites (green) and then ascent to the temporal fascia (purple) for tying. Next the "O" suture is placed (black).